RENAL SYSTEM IMPORTANT QUESTION SET 3

RENAL SYSTEM IMPORTANT QUESTION SET 3 : AIIMSHACKS blog brings Staff nurse exam Modal Paper, which is Useful for nursing students who prepare for staff nurse Recruitment exam like AIIMS, JIPMER, PGIMER, GMCH, DSSSB, RRB, RUHS, BHU, AMU, SCTIMST, KPSC, RPSC, HPSSSB, HSSC, IGNOU ESIC and All govt Staff nurse exam .

1. Match list – I and List – II and select the correct answer from the code given below:

List – I                                                                      List –II

A. Obstruction in urinary tract                         - Laser lithotripsy

B. Treatment for Renal stones                          - Ileal conduit

C. Stress incontinence                                       - Hydronephrosis

D. One type of the urinary                                 - Kegal exercise

(a) A,C,D,B                   (b) B,D,A,C

(c) D,A,C,B                (d) C,A,D,B

ANS- (d) C,A,D,B

2. The purpose of peritoneal dialysis is to:

(a) Re–establish kidney functions

(b) Clear the peritoneal membrane

(c) Provide fluid for intracellular space

(d) Remove toxins and metabolic wastes

ANS- (d) Remove toxins and metabolic wastes

3. Objective of peritoneal dialysis–

(a) Prevent infection

(b) Removal of toxins

(c) Removal of metabolic wastes

(d) Both (b) and (c)

ANS- (d) Both (b) and (c)

4. Which of the following drug should be withheld in haemodialysis?

(a) Insulin 

(b) Calcium preparation

(c) Digoxin 

(d) Antihypertensive.

ANS- (d) Antihypertensive.

5. A woman had been OTC antacids for relief of gastric upset, she is on renal dialysis three times a week, the nurse should carefully monitor the client for the development of what condition

(a) Hypomagnesaemia 

(b) Hyperkalemia

(c) Hypermagnesaemia 

(d) Hyponatremia

ANS- (c) Hypermagnesaemia 

6. Which of the following outcomes observed by the nurse during the drain cycle of peritoneal dialysis should be reported immediately to the physician?

(a) Clear yellow output

(b) Cloudy output

(c) Patient complaint of slight cramping

(d) A drain output of 50cc less than instilled

ANS- (b) Cloudy output

7. The immediate nursing intervention for a patient with epistaxis due to hemodialysis is:

(a) Allow the patient to breath normally

(b) Give dorsal recumbent position

(c) Call the doctor

(d) Pack the nose with paraffin gauze.

ANS- (d) Pack the nose with paraffin gauze.

8. A nurse is teaching a new hemodialysis client. Hemodialysis is successful in the treatment of ESRD because it:

(a) Mimics renal function

(b) Restores renal endocrine function

(c) Restores urinary ability

(d) Improves immune function

ANS- (c) Restores urinary ability

9. A common blood test is that is used in a urologic workup is the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test. The normal level for this test is

(a) 10 to 20 mg/100ml of whole blood

(b) 25 to 40 mg/100ml of whole blood

(c) 50 to 80 mg/100ml of whole blood

(d) 70 to 120 mg/100ml or whole blood

ANS- (a) 10 to 20 mg/100ml of whole blood

10. Normal value of serum urea:

(a) 15–40mg/dl

(b) 30–45mg/dl

(c) 35–40 mg/dl 

(d) 40–60mg/dl

ANS- (a) 15–40mg/dl

11. During admission assessment of a child, which finding noted by nurse would anticipate the probable diagnosis of glomerulonephritis –

(a) Proteinuria

(b) Decrease PH and specific gravity of urine

(c) Brown cola colored urine

(d) Low BUN level

ANS- (c) Brown cola colored urine

12. A nurse interviews the parents of a child recently diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. The nurse understands that which information collected during the assessment is most often associated with the diagnosis of glomerulonephritis.

(a) Streptococcal throat infection 2 weeks prior to diagnosis

(b) Child fell off a bike onto the handlebars

(c) Nausea and vomiting for last 24 hours

(d) Urticaria and itching for 1 week prior to diagnosis

ANS- (a) Streptococcal throat infection 2 weeks prior to diagnosis

13. Normal urine output for an adult during 24 hours is:

(a) 1500ml 

(b) 1400ml 

(c) 1300ml 

(d) 1200ml

ANS- (a) 1500ml 

14. Active transport of substance form blood into the nephron is called–

(a) Filtration 

(b) Tubular secretion

(c) Tubular reabsorption 

(d) Osmosis

ANS- (b) Tubular secretion

Q15. The following are the function of the kidney except:

(a) Formation of erythropoietin

(b) Formation of urea

(c) Maintaining water balance

(d) Maintaining acid balance

ANS-(b) Formation of urea

Q16. Acid base balance is regulated by kidney by excreting hydrogen ion and electrolytes to maintain the:

(a) Electrolyte balance in body

(b) Specific gravity in body

(c) Filter the protein from urine

(d) Normal PH of blood plasma

ANS- (d) Normal PH of blood plasma

Q17. Fluid regulation in the body maintained by which organ–

(a) Lung 

(b) Heart

(c) Kidney 

(d) Intestine

ANS- (c) Kidney 

18. The nurse is evaluating the client response to haemodialysis, which lab values would not reflects changes from the haemodialysis

(a) Serum creatinine levels

(b) Dissolved pressure of carbon dioxide

(c) Serum potassium level

(d) Haemoglobin level

ANS- (b) Dissolved pressure of carbon dioxide

Q19. Progressive increased level of BUN indicate

(a) Cirrhosis of liver 

(b) Dehydration

(c) Renal failure 

(d) Hyperthyroidism.

ANS- (c) Renal failure 

20. Which drug used into haemodialysis to prevent blood clot

(a) Aspirin 

(b) Warfarin

(c) Heparin 

(d) Protamine

ANS- (c) Heparin 

21. A client with crush injury to the right lower leg develops ARF. A nurse interprets that this type of renal failure is due to:

(a) Prerenal causes 

(b) Renal causes

(c) Post renal causes 

(d) Extra renal causes

ANS- (b) Renal causes

22. The client is admitted to the emergency department after a gunshot wound to the abdomen. Which nursing intervention would the nurse implement first to prevent ARF?

(a) Take vital signs

(b) Assess abdominal dressing

(c) Administer normal saline IV

(d) Place client on telemetry

ANS- (c) Administer normal saline IV

23. A client who just had a kidney transplant is transferred from the post–anaesthesia care unit to the intensive care unit (ICU). The nurse in the (ICU) should monitor the urinary output every

(a) 2 hours 

(b) Hour

(c) 15 minute 

(d) 3 hour

ANS- (b) Hour

24. The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for the client diagnosed with ESRD (end-stage renal disease). Which nursing problem would have priority for the client?

(a) Low self-esteem 

(b) Knowledge deficit

(c) Activity intolerance 

(d) Excess fluid volume

ANS- (d) Excess fluid volume

25. BUN used for kidney function tests stands for–

(a) Blood Urine nitrogen

(b) Blood Uric acid Nitrogen

(c) Blood Uracil Nitrogen

(d) Blood Urea Nitrogen

ANS- (d) Blood Urea Nitrogen

26. The amount of protein intake to be maintained during renal failure is–

(a) 40 to 60 g/day 

(b) 60 to 80 g/day

(c) 20 to 40 g/day 

(d) 80 to 100 g/day

ANS- (c) 20 to 40 g/day 

27. The client is admitted to the hospital in chronic renal failure. A diet low in protein is ordered. The rationale for a low protein diet is:

(a) Protein breaks down into blood urea nitrogen and metabolic waste

(b) High protein increase the sodium and potassium levels

(c) A high protein diet decreases albumin production

(d) A high protein diet depletes calcium and phosphorus

ANS- (a) Protein breaks down into blood urea nitrogen and metabolic waste

28. In patient with renal failure diet should be

(a) Low protein, low sodium, low potassium

(b) Low protein, high potassium

(c) High carbohydrate, low protein

(d) High calcium, high protein

ANS- (a) Low protein, low sodium, low potassium

Q29 Therapeutic diet advised for children with acute renal failure is:

(a) Low protein and high carbohydrate

(b) Low protein and high carbohydrate and fat

(c) High protein and carbohydrate

(d) High protein and fat

ANS- (b) Low protein and high carbohydrate and fat

30.  During the post – operative period in the case of a renal transplant, the patient’s serum creatinine level is 3.1mg/dl. Which of the following is an appropriate and priority action?

(a) Record the finding and notify the surgeon

(b) Check the intravenous infusion

(c) Increase oral fluid intake

(d) Assess for decreased urine output

ANS- (d) Assess for decreased urine output

31. Which is the most important test the nurse should check to determine whether a transplanted kidney is working?

(a) WBC cell count 

(b) Serum creatinine level

(c) Renal ultrasound 

(d) 24 hour urine output

ANS- (b) Serum creatinine level

32. While assessing a client during peritoneal dialysis, the drainage of the dialysate from the peritoneal cavity has ceased before the required volume has returned. The priority action should be instructing the patient to

(a) Drink a glass of water

(b) Turn from side to side

(c) Deep breath and cough

(d) Rotate the catheter periodically

ANS- (b) Turn from side to side

33. Chronic renal failure causes all except:

(a) Hypertension 

(b) Hyperkalemia

(c) Hypercalcemia 

(d) hypocalcaemia

ANS- (c) Hypercalcemia 

34. Which of the following factors causes the nausea associated with renal failure?

(a) Oliguria 

(b) Gastric ulcers

(c) Electrolyte imbalance

(d) Accumulation of metabolic wastes

ANS- (d) Accumulation of metabolic wastes

35. An irresistible urge to void urine occurs when bladder volume increase to

(a) 400 ml 

(b) 600 ml 

(c) 1000 ml 

(d) 800 ml

ANS- (b) 600 ml 

36. Urine is transported to the bladder by:

(a) Voluntary control 

(b) Action of Gravity

(c) Active transport system

(d) Contraction of Ureters

ANS- (d) Contraction of Ureters

37. When providing discharge teaching for a client with uric acid calculi, the nurse should include an instruction to avoid which type of diet?

(a) Low–calcium 

(b) Low–oxalate

(c) High–Oxalate 

(d) High–purine

ANS- (d) High–purine

38. Which is not used in lithotripsy procedure?

(a) Ureter lithotomy 

(b) Nephrolithotomy

(c) Pyelolithotomy 

(d) Lithotomy

ANS- (d) Lithotomy

39.  Cystolithotomy means removal of stones from

(a) Bladder 

(b) Gall baldder

(c) Kidney 

(d) Ureter

ANS- (a) Bladder 

40. An important condition causing renal calculi:

(a) Nephrotic Syndrome 

(b) Renal Tumours

(c) Hyperparathyroidism

 (d) Hypertension

ANS-(c) Hyperparathyroidism

41. The major chemical compound found in human kidney stones is

(a) Urea 

(b) Calcium Carbonate

(c) Calcium Oxalate 

(d) Calcium Sulphate

ANS- (c) Calcium Oxalate 

42. Most common type of renal stone is:

(a) Cystine 

(b) Magnesium phosphate

(c) Uric acid 

(d) Calcium Phosphate

ANS- (d) Calcium Phosphate

43. Hydronephrosis is

(a) Dilation of intestine 

(b) Dilation of stomach

(c) Dilation of gall bladder 

(d) Dilation of kidney

ANS- (d) Dilation of kidney

44. A client who has a history of gout is also diagnosed with urolithiasis. The stones are of uric acid type. A nurse gives the client instructions in foods to limit which include:

(a) Milk 

(b) Liver 

(c) Carrots 

(d) Apples

ANS- (b) Liver 

45.. During the oedematous phase of nephrotic syndrome an important nursing, intervention is to:

(a) Provide meticulous skin care

(b) Encourage fluid intake

(c) Encourage moderate activity

(d) Weight the child every alternate day

ANS- (a) Provide meticulous skin care

teg- 

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