CHN Golden key Points (Part ii)

 CHN Golden key Points : AIIMSHACKS blog brings Staff nurse exam Modal Paper, which is Useful for nursing students who prepare for staff nurse Recruitment exam like AIIMS, JIPMER, PGIMER, GMCH, DSSSB, RRB, RUHS, BHU, AMU, SCTIMST, KPSC, RPSC, HPSSSB, HSSC, IGNOU ESIC and All govt Staff nurse exam .

 101. Secondary level of prevention

• In this disease is already developed

• It focus :- prevention of Complication or progress of disease

• It include :- early diagnosis and early treatment

Ex. :-

• Health checkup and screening program

• Pap smear screening for cervical cancer

• Self breast examination

• School health checkup

• DOTS therapy for TB pt.

CHN Golden key Points (part i )

CHN Golden key Points (Part iii)

102. Tertiary level of prevention

• It focus on improving quality of life after disease occurence

• It includes disability limitations and rehabilitation

Ex. :-

• Use of Crunches in polio person

• Plastic surgery for reconstruction

• Use for artificial limbs

103. Quaternary level of prevention

• It new concept

• It includes avoidance of unnecessary health practice

• Also include avoidance of misuse of drugs

104. 1st line defense system :-

• Physical barrier :- Skin and mucus membrane

• Chemical barrier :- Body secretion

105. 2nd line defense system :- Neutrophils (phagocytic cell )

106. Monocytes (macrophages cell) present in every tissue/ organs

• Kuffer cell in Liver

• Alveoli cell in lungs

107. 3rd line defense system :-

• Cellular immunity :- T cell (mature in thymus gland)

• Humoral immunity :- B cell (mature in red bone marrow )

108. Immunoglobulin consisted of glycoprotein

109. IgG :-

• Highest amount of immunoglobulin (80 to 85%)

• It cross the placenta barrier

110. IgA :-

• 2nd highest Ig (10 to 15%)

• It is present in saliva ,tear, breast milk and body secretion

111. IgM :-

• It is the highest in size

• 3rd highest Ig (10%)

112. IgD :-

• It is present in 1 to 2%

• It is surface Ig

113. IgE :-

• It helps in allergic and hypersensitivity reactions

114. Epidemic :-

• Out break of a disease in a community or geographical area

• Epidemic affects large population in geographical area

• Ex. :- Food poisoning, chickenpox, measles, TB ,HIV

115. Endemic :-

• Constant present of a disease in a community

• It does not affect large population

• Ex. Comman cold, malaria, diphtheria

116. Pandemic :-

• Affecting large population more than one geographical area (from

country to country)

• Ex. :- Corona virus, blood flu, Ebola virus, Zika virus

117. Incidence :-

• Number of new cases occurring in a defined population during specific

periods of time

• Incidence rate expressed as per 1000

118. Prevalence :-

• Total number of case (new +old) in a given population over a period

of time

119. IMR :- Infant mortality rate

• It is expressed as 1000 per live birth

• IMR is second most indicator of socio economic development of a country

• Most common cause of IMR in India :- LBW

• Most common cause of IMR in world :- Pneumonia

120. IMR in India :- 34/1000 live birth

• IMR in world :- 34/1000 live birth

121. Highest IMR rate in India :- MP

122. Lowest IMR rate in India :- Goa

123. NNMR :- Neonatal mortality rate

• Early NNMR :- 1st week of life

• Late NNMR :- 1st to 4th week of life

• Most common cause of NNMR in India :- preterm

• Most common cause of early NNMR in India :- prematurity

• Most common cause of late NNMR in India :- infection

124. NNMR in India :- 25/1000 live birth

125. MMR :- Maternal mortality rate

• MMR expressed as 1,00,000 live birth

Couse :-

• Haemorrhage (25%) PPH

• Indirect causes (20%)

• Infection (15%)

• Abortion (13%)

126. MMR in India :- 167

127. MMR in world :- 210

128. CMR :- Child mortality rate

• CMR expressed as 1000 live child

• Most common cause of CMR in India :- Diarrhoea and respiratory

infection

• Most common cause of CMR in world :- accidents

129. Under 5 year mortality rate is single best indicator of socio economic development and well 

being

130. CMR in India :- 43/1000

131. CMR in world :- 41/1000

132. PNMR :- perinatal mortality rate

• Include late fetal and early neonatal death

• In India 28 weeks to 7 day of life

• WHO :- 22 weeks to 7 day of life

133. Droplets infection :-

• Saliva or nasopharyngeal secretions during coughing, sneezing or

speaking

• 10 mm or large particle trapped by nose and 5 mm less reach to

alveoli

• Distance :- 30 to 60 cm

134. Incubation period :-

• it is time interval between invasion by an infections agent to

appearance of 1st sign or

symptoms of disease

135. Period of communicability :-

• Aslo known as isolated period 

• It is time during which an infections agent may be transferred directly from an infected person to another person

136. Window period :-

• It is time interval from entry of microorganism to 1st time Antibody

detected in blood

137. Macule :- Well described flat lesion and change in skin color

138. Papules :- these are solid lesion, raised above the skin or mucus membrane size less than 1 cm

139. Plaque :- solid lesion raised skin size more than 1 cm

140. Nodules :- deeper in dermis and solid lesion

141. Vasicle :- elevated lesion (blister) seen on surface of mucosa clear fluid and size less than 1 cm

142. Bullae :- elevated lesion (blister) clear fluid more than 1 cm

143. Pustule :- small elevated skin lesion with pus materials

144. Wheals :- A rounded or flat topped pale red papule

145. Isolation :- separation ill person during periods of communicability

146. Quarantine :-

• separation well person (person is affected with disease but no Clinic

features)

• Yellow fever 6 day quarantine period

147. Pleomorphic rashes

• All skin rashes are seen together (macule,papules, vesicle)

• Ex. :- Chickenpox rashes

148. Centripetal :-

• Rashes spread from trunk to extermities

• Ex. :- chickenpox

149. Centrifugal :-

• Rashes spread from extermities to trunk

• Ex.:- Smallpox

150. Sub Center :- 100% sponsorship by central government

151. Sub Center population covered :- 3000 to 5000

• Plain area :- 5000

• Hilly area :- 3000

152. Sub Center kit services :-

• Kit A and B :- drug kit

• Kit C :- delivery kit

153. Kit. A :-

• ORS

• IFA tablets (large and small)

• Folic acid syrup

• Cotrimaxazole tablet

• Vit. A syrup

• Zinc tablet

• G.v. dye

154. Kit. B :

• Ergometrine tablet and injection

• PCM tablet

• Povidine iodine (betadine)

• Cotton roll

• Gauze pieces

• Albendazole tablet

155. Surgical site skin preparation use :- 10% betadine

156. Wound Cline use :- 3% or 6% hydrogen peroxide

157. PHC population covered :- 20,000 to 30,000

• Plain area :- 30,000

• Hilly area :- 20,000

158. Ideally one PHC covered :- 4 to 6 sub Center

159. One PHC :- 4 to 6 bed

160. PHC kit services :- Kit D (delivery kit)

161. One medical officer is the incharg of PHC

162. CHC :- 1st referral unit

163. CHC population covered :- 80,000 to 1,20,000

• Plain area :- 1,20,000

• Hilly area :- 80,000

164. One CHC covered :- 4 to 6 PHC

165. CHC kit services :- Kit E to Kit P

166. One CHC bed :- 30 bed

167. RHS :

• Rural health scheme

• 1977

168. Village health guide :- 2 oct. 1978

• 6th standard education

• Local person

• Training time :- 300 hrs (2 month)

169. Dai :-

• Also known as TBA (Traditional birth attendant)

• Training time :- 30 days (1month)

• Trained dai :- Minimum 2 delivery in supervision of ANM

170. Primary health care concept :-

• Alamata conference

• 1978 by WHO

171. Primary health care concept means :-

• Essential health services which are scientifically sound, universally

acceptable with

community participation and all low cost

172. Panchayat raj system start :- 2 oct 1959, nagor ,Rajasthan

173. WHO :- World health organization

• Established :- 7 April 1948

• Headquarter :- Geneva,Switzerland

• Slogan :- health for all

174. WHO 2019 theme :- Universal coverage of health every one every

where

175. WHO 2020 theme :- support nurses and midwives

176. UNICEF :-

• United nations International children emergency fund

• Established :- 11 dec. 1946

• Headquarter :- new York

177. UNICEF guideline :- GOBI+3F

• G :- growth monitoring

• O :- ORS

• B :- breast feeding

• I :- immunization

• F :- family planning

• F :- female education

• F :- food Fortification

178. Breast feeding day :- 1st week of August

179. CARE :- Cooperative for assistance and relief every where

• Established :- 1945

• Headquarter :- Geneva,Switzerland

180. CARE in India support :- ICDS scheme

• Integrated child development services scheme

181. Red cross :-

• Red cross committee by Henry Dunant in 1864

• Red cross league society :- 1919

• Headquarter :- Geneva,Switzerland

182. Red cross in India :- 1920

183. ILO :- international labour organization

• Established :- 1919

• Headquarter :- Geneva,Switzerland

184. FAO :- food and agriculture organizations

• Established :- 1946

• Headquarter :- Rome, Italy

185. World bank :-

• Established :- 1945

• Headquarter :- Washington DC , USA

186. UNDP :- United nations development program

• Established :- 1964

• Headquarter :- new York

187. Pearl index :- It is used to assess effectiveness of contraception

• It is show failure rate

188. Most effective contraception :-

• Oral combined pills :- 0.1 to 0.5%

• IUD :- 0.5 to 2.0

• Male condom :- 2 to 14%

• Female condom :- 5 to 21%

189. Vasectomy :- removal/ cutting of vase deference

190. Tubectomy :- removal / cutting of Fallopian tube

191. Post procedure care (Vasectomy) :

• The person will sterile after 30 ejaculation (3 month)

• Avoid heavy physical activity for 15 days

• T bandages for 15 days

192. Male condom :-

• Made by latex

• Single ring

193. Female condom

• Made by latex

• Double ring

194. Diaphragm :-

• Other name :- douche cap

• It is used before sexual activity as a cervical cap

• It is mead of silicon

• Size :- 5×10 cm

• It is placed for 6 hrs after sexual activity

• Complication :- T.S.S.

195. Vaginal sponge :-

• Other name today

• It is mead of silicon

• Size :- 5×2.5 cm

• It include spermicide

• Before use vagainal sponge should be wet

• It is placed for 6 hrs after sexual activity

• Complication :- T.S.S.

196. Contraception chemical :- Non oxynal 9

197. Copper T :- 2 yrs protection

198. Copper T 200 :- 3 to 4 yrs protection

199. Copper T 380 ag :- 10 yrs protection

200. Ideal timing use Intra Uterine device :-

• With in 10 days of menstrual Cycle

• After delivery with in 1 week

• 6 to 8 week after delivery

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